Behaviorism

Behaviorism
(not to be confused with behavioralism of political science) is an approach to psychology based on the proposition that behavior can be researched scientifically without recourse to inner mental states. It is a form of materialism, denying any independent significance for the mind. Its significance for psychological treatment has been profound, making it one of the pillars of pharmacological therapy.
• Classical behaviorism - The behaviorism of Watson; the objective study of behavior; no mental life, no internal states; thought is covert speech.
• Methodological behaviorism - The objective study of third-person behavior; the data of psychology must be inter-subjectively verifiable; no theoretical prescriptions. It has been absorbed into general experimental and cognitive psychology.
• Radical behaviorism - Skinner's behaviorism; is considered radical since it expands behavioral principles to processes within the organism; in contrast to methodological behaviorism; not mechanistic or reductionist; hypothetical (mentalistic) internal states are not considered causes of behavior, phenomena must be observable at least to the individual experiencing them. Willard Van Orman Quine made use of many of radical behaviorism ideas in his study of knowing and language.
• Logical behaviorism - Established by Oxford philosopher Gilbert Ryle in his book The Concept of Mind (1949).
• Teleological behaviorism - Post-Skinnerian, purposive, close to microeconomics.
• Theoretical behaviorism - Post-Skinnerian, accepts observable internal states ("within the skin" once meant "unobservable", but with modern technology we are not so constrained); dynamic, but eclectic in choice of theoretical structures, emphasizes parsimony.
• Biological behaviorism - Post-Skinnerian, centered on perceptual and motor modules of behavior, theory of behavior systems.
• Inter behaviorism - Founded by Jacob Robert Kantor before Skinner's writings and currently worked by L. Hayes; E. Ribes; and S. Bijou. centered in the inter behavior of organisms, field theory of behavior; emphasis on human behavior.

Mini philosophy glossary . 2014.

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  • behaviorism — ehaviorism n. an approach to psychology that emphasizes observable measurable behavior. Syn: behaviourism, behavioristic psychology, behaviouristic psychology. [WordNet 1.5] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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  • behaviorism — coined 1913 by U.S. psychologist John B. Watson (1878 1958) from BEHAVIOR (Cf. behavior) + ISM (Cf. ism). Behaviorist is from the same time …   Etymology dictionary

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  • behaviorism — A branch of psychology that formulates, through systematic observation and experimentation, the laws and principles that underlie the behavior of humans and animals; its major contributions have been made in the areas of conditioning and learning …   Medical dictionary

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